trial assigning Nibbana and dhamma into AI AlphaGo's architecture.

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soogar571
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trial assigning Nibbana and dhamma into AI AlphaGo's architecture.

Post by soogar571 »

beginning
Eight months have been passed since I posted here the writing titled 'What are Buddha awakened and how?'.https://dhammawheel.com/viewtopic.php?f ... 03#p405403 I have been fine everyday in my life. :tongue:

The reason I refrained from writing and discussing any more is because I wanted to continue them after confirming the 'immediacy of applying dhamma‘ mentioned in A3:54 through solving the most important problems that remained unfinished in my life. Here is the corresponding passage of 'Parib­bāja­ka­sutta'. 'It is in this way, too, that the Dhamma is directly visible, immediate, inviting one to come and see, applicable, to be personally experienced by the wise.'

Now, I have experienced the 'immediacy of applying dhamma' through solving serious problems remaining in my life incomplete, so I as ex programmer am writing this article with 'good' intention (sankhara of paticcasammuppada) to introduce 'programmer's perspective on dhamma'.

AI(Artificial Intelligence)
Ever since the technical footing of computers in the 1930s and 1940s became solid, attempts have continuously been made to give computers the ability to think like human beings.

Since year 2000, several projects to create virtual brains by using supercomputer have been ongoing at IBM(Dr. Dhamendra Modha's team), Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne's laboratory(under professor Henry Markram) and RIKEN(Rikagaku Kenkyusho) research laboratory in Japan.

At the same time, another projects named as IBM's "SyNAPSE Project" and "SpiNNaker Project" of professor Steve Furber of University of Manchester in UK have been executed to develop 'chip set' to replace the expensive supercomputer required for the implementation of the virtual brain and achieved already meaningful results.

However, as far as computing power is concerned, computers with the ability to exceed human beings are still lagging behind humans in the fields of understanding or translating human language or identifying objects(roses, apples, dogs, cats etc.) until recently.

Then, after the publication of a paper of 'deep learning' by Professor Geoffrey Hinton of the University of Toronto, Canada in 2006, it came to have a breakthrough turning point which can get out of the state of stagnation.

Most of the efforts for computers to be simulated human beings before this paper are that programmers develope more sophisticated algorithms(logic) and mounted on the computer. But results were always disappointed.

However, after the paper of professor Geoffrey Hinton, AI researchers let the computer creates its own algorithm for identifying things(roses, apples, dogs, cats etc.) from big data, ie. a large amount of data provided. Actually, this trial opened a new era in which computers can surpass human beings even in areas other than computing.

AlphaGo
The game 'Go' among similar games created by humans is known as the most complex game in recorded history.

The latest version of AlphaGo developed by DeepMind Technologies Limited(Ceo. Demis Hassabis) is a Go appl(application) that learns the Go algorithm by computer itself according to the 'deep learning' theory of professor Geoffrey Hinton, unlike the already existing Go appls in which programmer finds and mounts Go algorithm of the appl.

From early year 2016 to mid year 2017, top ranking Go pros(professionals) from the three countries in the Far East Asia (Korea, China, Japan) challenged AlphaGo, but eventually it ended with AlphaGo's perfect victory. Even though it is a limited field of Go(game), while most people in the world do not know, the era that computers learned by itself exceed professionals(human beings) have already been arrived!

tasks of AlphaGo and dhamma of human
deep_learning_1.PNG
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If the expressions ‘tasks from S/W engineering’ and ‘dhamma mirroring from S/W engineering’ appearing in Figure 1 and Figure 2 are unfamiliar at this moment, the article 'Buddha's teaching from programmer's view'https://dhammawheel.com/viewtopic.php?f ... 07#p401107 might help to alleviate that unfamiliarity.

FIG. 1 is a diagram for visually exposing the difference between classic version AlphaGo computer and AI version AlphaGo computer. In other words, for the classic version, the programmer must perform all three categories of tasks, but in the case of the AI version, the computer performs the tasks in the second category on its own, so the programmer only needs to perform the tasks in the other two categories. In Figure 1, the DeepMind Technologies Limited is expressed as the 'manufacturer' of the tasks of 2nd category.
deep_learning_2.PNG
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FIG. 2 is a diagram for visually exposing a difference between AI version AlphaGo computer and a human. In other words, while the AI version AlphaGo computer carries out only the tasks in the second category on its own, humans perform all the tasks in three categories themselves. In Figure 2, the Nibbana is expressed as the 'origin' of the dhamma.

I have already described the relationship between Nibbana and the three categories of dhamma in Chapter 3 of the article 'Buddha's teaching from programmer's view'https://dhammawheel.com/viewtopic.php?f ... 07#p401107. Also, 8 months ago, I have already stated as follows (based on SN56:11 Dhammacakkappavattana sutta) that the dhamma eight fold path is self-operated task (to create new appls and to maintain already created appls).https://dhammawheel.com/viewtopic.php?f ... f4#p401867
(3) Noble Eightfold Path vs Nibbāna.
The official name of middle way is 'Noble Eightfold Path'. Again, the special word 'noble' is used here.
SN 56.11 PTS: S v 420 CDB ii 1843 Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta: Setting the Wheel of Dhamma in Motion
http://www.accesstoinsight.org/tipitaka ... .than.html
This is the middle way realized by the Tathagata that — producing vision, producing knowledge — leads to calm, to direct knowledge, to self-awakening, to Unbinding.

As you can see from the sutta above, buddha was realized not 'middle-way' itself, but 'The middle-way(the technique of the nibbana) produce vision, produce knowledge leads to calm, to direct knowledge, to self-awakening, to Nibbāna.' Ultimately, you should realize that the 'middle-way' is the technique of the nibbana, as Buddha did. As a result, I have looked at the eight branches of 'Noble Eightfold Path' as applying tasks to make apps(like Apple machine's apps) for human being.
In other words, Gottama did not reach to enlightenment by practicing the eight fold path, but fully realized that the eight fold path is a sort of task that makes appls!

ending
In the sense that humans have the same three categories of dhamma, all living humans are equal. But every living human beings are not equal in terms of the qualitative difference between my appl and other's appl that are changing at this moment even and changed through countless samsara(rebirth) of life.

Anyway, my current appl is still with a lot of incomplete unfinished conditions, so I will continue to improve my appl until the day of death, and I wish to confirm the improved result in my life remained. fin. :anjali:
Object determines the quality of citta.
So, the experience of nibbana at this very moment invokes the lokuttara citta.

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Re: trial assigning Nibbana and dhamma into AI AlphaGo's architecture.

Post by soogar571 »

Can you play Go? If you can, you have the appl(ñāna) of Go. These people's appls are made up of a combination of eight components. The eight components are well-known thought(sankappa), speech(vācā), bodily action(kammanta), livelihood(ājīva), effort(vāyāma), mindfulness(sati) and concentration(samādhi). :smile:
Object determines the quality of citta.
So, the experience of nibbana at this very moment invokes the lokuttara citta.

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Re: trial assigning Nibbana and dhamma into AI AlphaGo's architecture.

Post by soogar571 »

I think you are the ones who are reading this article on the desktop or smartphone right now, so at least you will recognize that the appls(applications, apps) are the result made by programmers.

If you are looking for something equivalent to these appls(applications, apps) from humans, that is probably ñāna(knowledge). Then, how was the human's app ñāna(knowledge) created? Gottma would have found an answer to the question through insighting his inner self. And the exact answer is written on Nikaya.

I quote again SN 56.11 Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta. http://www.accesstoinsight.org/tipitaka “This is the middle way realized by the Tathagata that — producing vision, producing knowledge(ñāna) — leads to calm, to direct knowledge, to self-awakening, to Unbinding.”

The quoted sutta clearly says that Gottama fully realized that middle way(eight fold path) definitely makes ñāna(knowledge). Therefore, eight fold path is a self-operated task of creating a ñāna(knowledge). This is a one-line summary of this whole article.

In addition, four noble truth is said that it encompasses all dhamma, so four noble truth with eight fold path is also a self-operated task of making ñāna(knowledge). This is illustrated in the figure below.
elephant_footprint_simile.PNG
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:anjali:
Object determines the quality of citta.
So, the experience of nibbana at this very moment invokes the lokuttara citta.

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Re: trial assigning Nibbana and dhamma into AI AlphaGo's architecture.

Post by soogar571 »

Looking at the progress of poll, "I do not understand this writing at all" shows the highest percentage. I was personally shocked by these results. :thinking:

Just as Alvin Toffler's 'Third wave' was a bestseller in the 1970s, the books of the 'Sapiens' and 'Homo Deus' of Yuval Harari in these days are also the same. The authors of these books assert the order of change of society, 1. God centered society -> 2. Human centered society -> 3. AI(big data) centered society.

If his claim is true, you should no longer be indifferent to AI or Big data. I linked a part of the videos that he recently appeared in South Korea's cable TV. I hope this video will help you understand AI.http://program.tving.com/otvn/justhappe ... /SB_129495
:anjali:
Object determines the quality of citta.
So, the experience of nibbana at this very moment invokes the lokuttara citta.

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Re: trial assigning Nibbana and dhamma into AI AlphaGo's architecture.

Post by soogar571 »

The day before yesterday Apple iphone x was announced. The most impressive part is the Siri which was strengthened by recognizing the shape of the mouth and the Face-id designed to recognize facial expressions. An era was opened indeed to have full-fledged AI machine in your hands. :smile:

The 7 day poll ends today. I am grateful to all those who have been interested and watched the poll, including those who have directly participated in the poll. :bow:

Eight fold path : "In the same way I saw an 'ancient path, an ancient road(eight fold path)', traveled by the Rightly Self-awakened Ones of former times. SN12,65
http://www.accesstoinsight.org/tipitaka ... .than.html
Twelve paticcasamupada dhamma : Whether or not there is the arising of Tathagatas, this property stands — this regularity of the Dhamma, this orderliness of the Dhamma, this this/that conditionality. SN12,20
http://www.accesstoinsight.org/tipitaka ... .than.html
Four noble truth : “Friends, just as the footprint of any living being that walks can be placed within an elephant’s footprint, and so the elephant’s footprint is declared the chief of them because of its great size; so too, all wholesome states can be included in the Four Noble Truths. M28
https://suttacentral.net/en/mn28

According to the scriptures above, Eight fold path, Twelve paticcasamupada dhamma and Four noble truth are not dhamma invented by Gottama, but dhamma he found. I hope you will find these dhamma inside yourself and realize them, and then you will have an experience of meeting Nibbana ie real vimutti, soon.
:anjali:
Object determines the quality of citta.
So, the experience of nibbana at this very moment invokes the lokuttara citta.

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Re: trial assigning Nibbana and dhamma into AI AlphaGo's architecture.

Post by Pseudobabble »

soogar571 wrote:...
Hi Soogar,

I find this interesting, but hard to understand. Part of the difficulty is that your English is not the best, and part is that this is interesting and seems complex. I'll get back to you after reading and thinking a bit.
"Does Master Gotama have any position at all?"

"A 'position,' Vaccha, is something that a Tathagata has done away with. What a Tathagata sees is this: 'Such is form, such its origination, such its disappearance; such is feeling, such its origination, such its disappearance; such is perception...such are fabrications...such is consciousness, such its origination, such its disappearance.'" - Aggi-Vacchagotta Sutta


'Dust thou art, and unto dust thou shalt return.' - Genesis 3:19

'Some fart freely, some try to hide and silence it. Which one is correct?' - Saegnapha
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Re: trial assigning Nibbana and dhamma into AI AlphaGo's architecture.

Post by Pondera »

Since mastering go, google and DeepMind have mastered chess. In this thread there is a link to a paper describing AlphaGoZero as well as examples of how it beats the highest ranked chess engine in the world after four hours of learning the game.

viewtopic.php?f=12&t=30726
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Re: trial assigning Nibbana and dhamma into AI AlphaGo's architecture.

Post by LG2V »

What are the implications for AI/Human practice of the noble eightfold path? Do you think that we can program an AI to practice for the cessation of suffering, or introduce some of the programming-related thinking as a modern way of inspiring right practice among the general population?
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