Hi DarwidHalim, all,
there are a lot of different terms and it seems to me that some terms weren't carefully distinguished which leads to confusion.
"Buddha" is primarily simply an appellation for "one who has attained awakening". Ususally when we talk about the "Buddha", we're talking about the perfectly awakened one (sammā sambuddha), Prince Siddhattha Gotama. This should not be mixed up.
"Arahant" (holy One) is an appellation for one who is free from the 10 fetters, free from greed, hatred and delusion, has attained awakening by realizing the 4 noble truths.
"Tathāgata (One thus gone) is an epithet of the Buddha used by him when speaking of himself.
An Arahant (holy One) or a Tathāgata (One thus gone) is "one who has attained awakening" may therefore also be called a "Buddha".
"Sammā sambuddha" a perfectly awakened one by whom the liberating law (dhamma) which had become lost to the world, has again been discovered, realized and clearly proclaimed to the world.
"Pacceka buddha" an independently awakened one is an individual who realized the truths, the liberating law by himself without hearing it ever from someone else. But the independently awakened one doesn't have the ability to proclaim and teach the dhamma clearly to the world like a perfectly awakened one (sammā sambuddha). (There's a simile of a dumb and deaf man who tasted a flavour which has not been tasted by anyone else. He knows the flavour but is unable to tell anyone else about it.)
"Awakening" (or "Enlightenment", but I prefer the first) is called "bodhi".
The Arahant (holy One), a Tathāgata (One thus gone) and a Buddha (One who has attained awakening) all realized the four noble truths, freed themselves from greed, hatred and delusion. Their "bodhi" is not different essentially, they all attained Nibbāna.
But there are some differentiations regarding "bodhi". Differentiations in designation not in essence!
"Sāvaka bodhi" (awakening of a noble disciple) is the description for the awakening of a disciple who realized the truths taught by the perfectly awakened one (sammā sambuddha).
"Pacceka-bodhi" (indipendent awakening) is the description for the awakening of independently awakend one.
"Sammā-sambodhi" (perfect awakening) is the description for the awakening of a perfectly awakened one. "Now, someone, in things never heard before, understands by himself the truth, and he therein attains omniscience, and gains mastery in the powers. Such a one is called a perfectly awakened One" [Pug.29]
With respect to the mastery in the powers of the Sammā-sambuddha or the powers of the Tathāgata, who is able of what, in what degree or how is considered by myself as unnecessary differentiation. Because in the end:
M22 wrote:Both formerly, monks, and now, it is just suffering that I make known and the ending of suffering.
Maybe this helps in some way, but I'm afraid this will go on just for the sake of discussion...
best wishes, acinteyyo