Hello Pali friends,
The essential definition is given in the suttas:
Vibhanga sutta
‘‘Katamañca, bhikkhave, nāmarūpaṃ? Vedanā, saññā, cetanā, phasso, manasikāro – idaṃ vuccati nāmaṃ. Cattāro ca mahābhūtā, catunnañca mahābhūtānaṃ upādāyarūpaṃ. Idaṃ vuccati rūpaṃ. Iti idañca nāmaṃ, idañca rūpaṃ. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, nāmarūpaṃ.
"And what is name-&-form? Feeling, perception, intention, contact, & attention: This is called name. The four great elements, and the form dependent on the four great elements: This is called form. This name & this form are called name-&-form.
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Sammaditthi sutta:
Katamaṃ panāvuso, nāmarūpaṃ, katamo nāmarūpasamudayo, katamo nāmarūpanirodho, katamā nāmarūpanirodhagāminī paṭipadā? Vedanā, saññā, cetanā, phasso, manasikāro – idaṃ vuccatāvuso, nāmaṃ; cattāri ca mahābhūtāni, catunnañca mahābhūtānaṃ upādāyarūpaṃ – idaṃ vuccatāvuso, rūpaṃ. Iti idañca nāmaṃ idañca rūpaṃ – idaṃ vuccatāvuso, nāmarūpaṃ. Viññāṇasamudayā nāmarūpasamudayo, viññāṇanirodhā nāmarūpanirodho, ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo nāmarūpanirodhagāminī paṭipadā, seyyathidaṃ – sammādiṭṭhi…pe… sammāsamādhi.
"And what is name-&-form? What is the origination of name-&-form? What is the cessation of name-&-form? What is the way of practice leading to the cessation of name-&-form?
"Feeling, perception, intention, contact, & attention: This is called name. The four great elements, and the form dependent on the four great elements: This is called form. This name & this form are called name-&-form.
"From the origination of consciousness comes the origination of name-&-form. From the cessation of consciousness comes the cessation of name-&-form. And the way of practice leading to the cessation of name-&-form is just this very noble eightfold path: right view, right resolve, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, right concentration.
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The same definition is repeated in Vibhanga, with interesting additions:
228. Tattha katamaṃ viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpaṃ? Atthi nāmaṃ, atthi rūpaṃ. Tattha katamaṃ nāmaṃ? Vedanākkhandho, saññākkhandho, saṅkhārakkhandho – idaṃ vuccati ‘‘nāmaṃ’’. Tattha katamaṃ rūpaṃ? Cattāro mahābhūtā, catunnañca mahābhūtānaṃ upādāya rūpaṃ – idaṃ vuccati ‘‘rūpaṃ’’. Iti idañca nāmaṃ, idañca rūpaṃ. Idaṃ vuccati ‘‘viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpaṃ’’.
Vibhanga
Tattha katamaṃ viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpaṃ? Atthi nāmaṃ, atthi rūpaṃ. Tattha katamaṃ nāmaṃ? Vedanākkhandho, saññākkhandho, saṅkhārakkhandho – idaṃ vuccati ‘‘nāmaṃ’’. Tattha katamaṃ rūpaṃ? Cakkhāyatanassa upacayo, sotāyatanassa upacayo, ghānāyatanassa upacayo, jivhāyatanassa upacayo, kāyāyatanassa upacayo, yaṃ vā panaññampi atthi rūpaṃ cittajaṃ cittahetukaṃ cittasamuṭṭhānaṃ – idaṃ vuccati ‘‘rūpaṃ’’. Iti idañca nāmaṃ, idañca rūpaṃ. Idaṃ vuccati ‘‘viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpaṃ’’.
Nāmarūpapaccayā chaṭṭhāyatananti. Atthi nāmaṃ, atthi rūpaṃ. Tattha katamaṃ nāmaṃ? Vedanākkhandho, saññākkhandho, saṅkhārakkhandho – idaṃ vuccati ‘‘nāmaṃ’’. Tattha katamaṃ rūpaṃ? Yaṃ rūpaṃ nissāya manoviññāṇadhātu vattati – idaṃ vuccati ‘‘rūpaṃ’’. Iti idañca nāmaṃ, idañca rūpaṃ. Idaṃ vuccati ‘‘nāmarūpaṃ’’.
Tattha katamaṃ nāmarūpapaccayā chaṭṭhāyatanaṃ? Yaṃ cittaṃ mano mānasaṃ hadayaṃ paṇḍaraṃ mano manāyatanaṃ manindriyaṃ viññāṇaṃ viññāṇakkhandho tajjāmanoviññāṇadhātu – idaṃ vuccati ‘‘nāmarūpapaccayā chaṭṭhāyatanaṃ’’.
Vibhanga 253
Metta, Dmytro
Pali Term: Nāmarūpa
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